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Silicon nanowires and mesoporous silicon as potential therapeutic platforms for bone tissue engineering and drug delivery applications
Jiang, Ke
Jiang, Ke
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[Fort Worth, Tex.] : Texas Christian University,
Date
2009
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Abstract
Si nanowires (SiNWs) have been the focus of intense interest due to their potential applications in the field of nanophotonics, biological/chemical sensors, and molecular electronics. In more recent examples, impressive advances have been recognized in sensing events with single viral particles and communication with individual neurons. While much of these gains have explored the wires' semiconducting relevance to information storage or sensing events, it is perceived that semiconductor nanowires should also be considered for roles in active and selective therapeutic responses in diseased or injured tissue.^Nanostructured silicon's utility as a biomaterial has been greatly amplified by reports of facile calcium phosphate growth on the surface of porous Si (PSi) in the presence or absence of electrical bias, suggesting that silicon itself could be an important bioactive material.^More recently it has been demonstrated that SiNWs could not only affect cell adhesion and spreading of human hepatic cells, but also support the differentiation of osteoblasts. Previous work from our laboratories demonstrated the ability of SiNWs to facilitate the growth of uniform synthetic bone coatings along their surface. A preliminary cytocompatibility evaluation showed that SiNWs support the facile proliferation of fibroblast cells in their presence. One perceived advantage in the possible use of nanowires in drug delivery applications lies not only with the diverse surface functionalities that are possible with this vector but also with the density of such moieties.^SiNWs possess a unique combination of biocompatibility and semiconducting properties that enable them to be easily functionalized with suitable surface species and therefore providing favorable environment for biological systems.^When used as a drug delivery vehicle, their size may enable them to penetrate tumors due to the enhanced permeability and retention effect, and the high surface-to-volume ratio of SiNWs can contribute to a more specific drug loading with lower overall dose and reduced toxicity. In this work, a detailed study on the calcification behavior of SiNWs under various surface treatments is presented, as well as the fabrication of SiNW/polycaprolactone composites with a variety of surface topographies. Preliminary cytocompatibility assessments of these composites (with selected surface functionalization) in the presence of mouse stromal cells were performed.^In addition, selected functionalization of SiNWs and PSi, making them suitable as delivery vehicles for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, was investigated--Abstract.
Contents
Subject
Subject(s)
Nanostructured materials.
Drug delivery systems.
Tissue engineering.
Nanowires.
Silicon.
Drug delivery systems.
Tissue engineering.
Nanowires.
Silicon.
Research Projects
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Dissertation
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Department
Chemistry and Biochemistry