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Aerodynamic and acoustic profiles in phenotypes of Parkinsons disease
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2017
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a heterogeneous disorder which can progress in varying patterns based on phenotypic characteristics of disease presentation across individuals. Patient-centered phenotypic characteristics have been questioned as influencing the severity and clinical profile of PD. While speech treatments are known to improve voice and speech function in speakers with PD, how the clinical phenotype influences a patient’s voice is unknown. If speech and voice are affected differently based on these phenotypic characteristics, those characteristics may serve as an early biomarkers which can facilitate, along with a battery of current assessment methods, diagnosis and more effective, customized treatments for individuals with PD. A total of 45 participants were recruited for this study: 34 speakers with PD (22 males, 12 females), and 11 healthy older adult (HOA) controls (4 males, 7 females). All participants completed a serious of aerodynamic and acoustic tasks involving production of sustained vowels and sentences in order to collect data on airflow, cepstral peak prominence (CPP), and Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID). The data was analyzed by looking at the participants in three different phenotypes: years post-onset, age at diagnosis, and tremor vs. non-tremor dominant. The results revealed statistically significant results for individuals who were diagnosed prior to the age of 65 years old in terms of differences related to airflow in both vowels and speech.Additionally, the results indicated that individuals who have the non-tremor dominant phenotype had worse periodicity of vocal folds during phonation in sustained vowels than the tremor dominant group indicating that perhaps for this phenotype, the larynx is more impacted if an individual has PD of the non-tremor dominant variety. Interesting, when measuring CPP in speech, different results were gathered. All of these findings will be discussed as they relate to related research related to PD and its impact on the voice.
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Burk_tcu_0229M_10795.pdf
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1 online resource (vii, 61 pages) :
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Communication Sciences and Disorders