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John Fulton Reynolds and His Age: Politics, Religion, and Generalship in the Civil War Era
Klingenberg, Mitchell George
Klingenberg, Mitchell George
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2020
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This doctoral thesis is the first significant work to examine the U.S. Army life of U.S. Major General of Volunteers John Fulton Reynolds in more than six decades. In its assessment of army culture and professionalization, leadership and command, Civil War-era politics and religion, and Civil War memory studies, this paper integrates elements of the so-called "old" and "new" military histories, shedding new light on the fabled Pennsylvanian who brought on the momentous Battle of Gettysburg in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on July 1, 1863. Of American officers in the antebellum- and Civil War-era armies Reynolds was uncommon. Twice brevetted in Mexico, Reynolds ranked two grades above many of his peers on the eve of the Civil War, an era in which advancement in a small professional army was a rare feat. Reynolds served as commandant of cadets at the United States Military Academy through Secession Winter. As a commander in the Civil War, Reynolds was thoroughly competent, and probably better. Still, his service in the Civil War has earned him great¿and perhaps excessive¿acclaim. This work concludes that, because of the very nature of his death, and because of the religious meaning and symbolism Americans divined from their fratricidal conflict, Reynolds emerged as a more consequential figure in the aftermath of the Civil War than in life.
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History