Primary energy use and environmental effects of electric vehiclesShow full item record
Title | Primary energy use and environmental effects of electric vehicles |
---|---|
Author | Michaelides EE |
Date | 2021 |
Abstract | The global market of electric vehicles has become one of the prime growth industries of the 21st century fueled by marketing efforts, which frequently assert that electric vehicles are “very efficient” and “produce no pollution.” This article uses thermodynamic analysis to determine the primary energy needs for the propulsion of electric vehicles and applies the energy/exergy trade-offs between hydrocarbons and electricity propulsion of road vehicles. The well-to-wheels efficiency of electric vehicles is comparable to that of vehicles with internal combustion engines. Heat transfer to or from the cabin of the vehicle is calculated to determine the additional energy for heating and air-conditioning needs, which must be supplied by the battery, and the reduction of the range of the vehicle. The article also determines the advantages of using fleets of electric vehicles to offset the problems of the “duck curve” that are caused by the higher utilization of wind and solar energy sources. The effects of the substitution of internal combustion road vehicles with electric vehicles on carbon dioxide emission avoidance are also examined for several national electricity grids. It is determined that grids, which use a high fraction of coal as their primary energy source, will actually increase the carbon dioxide emissions; while grids that use a high fraction of renewables and nuclear energy will significantly decrease their carbon dioxide emissions. Globally, the carbon dioxide emissions will decrease by approximately 16% with the introduction of electric vehicles. |
Link | https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj12030138
https://repository.tcu.edu/handle/116099117/51890 |
Department | Engineering |
Subject | electric vehicles
electric cars CO2 emissions renewable energy grid stability transportation efficiency well-to-wheels efficiency CO2 avoidance |
Files in this item
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
- Research Publications [837]
Related items
Showing a few items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
A Culture of Capital Punishment: A Look at Texas and the Death Penalty from Pre-Republic to Present
Demers, Claire (2018)The purpose of this paper is to explore previously untouched areas of analysis in Texas death penalty law in an attempt to broaden current understanding of how the people and politicians of Texas view the justifications ... -
Tracing Holocene channels and landforms of the Nile Delta through integration of early elevation, geophysical, and sediment core data:
Bastawesy, Mohamed El; Gebremichael, Esayas; Sultan, Mohamed; Attwa, Mohamed; Sahour, Hossein (2020-04-23)Intensification of anthropogenic activities and related processes have altered the morphology of modern deltaic systems. As a result, mapping of geomorphic features, such as paleochannels, using recently acquired digital ... -
Searching for City Hall, Digital Democracy, and Public-Making Rhetoric: U.S. Municipal Websites and Citizen Engagement
Lambiase, Jacqueline (2018)U.S. cities rely on their websites to enhance citizen engagement, and digital government portals have been promoted for decades as gateways to participatory democracy. This study, through rhetorical and qualitative content ...
© TCU Library 2015 | Contact Special Collections |
HTML Sitemap