| Abstract | The purpose of this scoping review is to explore the correlation between the development of malignant hyperthermia after anesthesia with a history of exercise-induced hyperthermia. Malignant hyperthermia and exercise-induced hyperthermia are both life-threatening, hypermetabolic states related to calcium dysregulation in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of muscle cells. Literature suggests that a mutation in the ryanodine type 1 receptor (RYR1) and associated proteins might play a significant role in both the development of anesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia and exercise-induced hyperthermia. However, the association between this mutation and the development of malignant hyperthermia has not been sufficiently examined. The purpose of this research is to address the following question: Are individuals with a history of exercise-induced hyperthermia with a mutated RYR1 gene more susceptible to the development of malignant hyperthermia during general anesthesia?
Three major themes occur in literature that suggest an association between the two events due to a mutation in the associated protein receptors. The first is that there is a necessity for additional testing in patients with a history of exertional rhabdomyolysis or similar symptoms during exercise. The second is that IVCT tests show similar mechanisms between MH and exercise induced hyperthermia. The final theme is that next-generation sequencing could be critical in furthering the association between the two events and focusing on specific RYR1 mutations. Overall, evidence confirms there is a clinical association between the development of malignant hyperthermia and exercise-induced hyperthermia. Because of this, healthcare and sports professionals should take this information seriously to ensure proper precautions are in place, past medical histories are thoroughly explored, and genetic testing/counseling is conducted. |
